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Numerous articles in recent years have established the importance of fascia in proprioception and pain, although the actual structure of fasciae is still unknown. Many studies have looked at elastic fibers in arteries, ligaments, lungs, epidermis, and dermis. Still, only two have looked at fascia, and they didn’t differentiate between superficial (in the subcutaneous tissue) and deep/muscular fasciae. The researchers wanted to compare the percentage of elastic fibers in the superficial and deep fascia. This research article, finally, suggests that, because it is widely known that the number of elastic fibers in the epidermis and dermis decreases with age, the superficial fascia may probably be affected by a progressive loss of elastic fibers over time. To fully comprehend this characteristic, more research will be required.
Elastic Fibres in the subcutaneous tissue: Is there a difference between superficial and muscular fascia? A cadaver study – PubMedIn the light of these findings is evident that the superficial (in the subcutaneous tissue) and deep fasciae have different elasticity. This difference may improve grading of fascial dysfunction in dermatological diseases as burns, scars and lymphedema to better plan treatments.
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
The respiratory system helps us in breathing appropriately called respiration.
The respiratory system performs the following functions:
a. Regulation of blood pH
b. Production of chemical mediators
c. Voice production
d. Olfaction
e. Protection
The lower respiratory tract consists of the:
a. Larynx
b. Trachea
c. Bronchi
d. Lungs
THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
This system consists of the digestive tract.
The regions of the digestive tract includes the oral cavity and stomach.
Digestive tract Histology includes 4 tunics:
a. Mucosa
b. Submucosa
c. Muscularis
d. Serosa
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
It forms the boundary between the body and the external environment.
The major functions of the integumentary system are:
a. Protection
b. Sensation
c. Temperature and Regulation
d. Vitamin D production
e. ExcretionThe Skin is made up of two major tissue layers:
1. Epidermis
a. Stratum Basale
b. Stratum Spinosum
c. Stratum Granulosum
d. Stratum Lucidum
e. Stratum Corneum
2. DermisThe integumentary system also includes the hair and the nail.
A nail consists of:
a. Nail root
b. Nail body
THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: HEART
The heart is two pumps in one.
Its function include:
a. Generating blood pressure
b. Routing blood
c. Ensuring one-way blood flow
d. Regulating blood supplyThe Heart Wall is composed of three layers:
a. Epicardium
b. Myocardium
c. EndocardiumThe heart consists of four chambers:
a. Right Atrium (RA)
b. Left Atrium (LA)
c. Right Ventricle (RV)
d. Left Ventricle (LV)