Specimen: Adrenal Gland under High Power Objective

The adrenal glands are crucial endocrine organs situated on top of each kidney, consisting of two distinct parts: the adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla. The adrenal cortex primarily produces steroid hormones, such as cortisol, which regulate metabolism, immune response, and blood pressure, and aldosterone, which influences electrolyte balance. Meanwhile, the adrenal medulla is responsible for secreting catecholamines, including adrenaline and noradrenaline, which play key roles in the body’s “fight or flight” response, enhancing heart rate, dilating airways, and mobilizing energy sources during stressful situations. Together, the adrenal glands play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis and responding to various physiological challenges in the human body.