-
Kylemaxinne Panzo posted an update in the group
MT 30 – A (LAB) S.Y. ‘23-‘24 2 years ago Kylemaxinne B. Panzo
MT 30 – A (LAB)
Activity 4: Integumentary System
The integumentary system is composed of the skin which is the largest organ of the body. It consists of the epidermis, dermis, hypodermis, associated glands, hair, and nails. Its functions include protective functions, thermoregulatory functions, as well as sensory functions.
All hair in the body have the same essential composition, but vary in different regions (e.g. hair on our face is not entirely the same as the hair on top of our head) especially in individuals according to age and genetics. Keratin is found in hair and form from hair follicles. Within this, hair grows starting from the hair bulb, then as dermal papilla, then into the hair root, and finally as hair shaft. Their functions include protection and thermoregulation.
The skin provides protection, sensory functions, and helps in regulating temperature. They have the following layers starting from the outermost: epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. Skin is found all throughout the body, but may differ in thickness in certain areas. The difference lies in the epidermis. An epidermis of 75 to 150 µm is classified as thin skin, while an epidermis of 400 to 1400 µm is classified as thick skin.
Palmar skin is one example of the certain areas where thick skin is found. The epidermis consists of the following layers starting from the outermost layer: stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum. Thick skin is needed in the palms to enhance grip, protection, and sensitivity, as we know that the hands are one of the most used body parts and must be protected at all costs.
Toad skin, the skin that covers and protects toads, is also an example of thick skin with quite similar layers mentioned before. They also contain mucous glands and other glands to provide further protection in the kind of habitat where toads reside.
The scalp is the skin containing hair that covers our head’s cranium. It contains connective tissue for connection and also for providing nerves, blood, and lymphatics. Aside from providing a surface for hair growth, it also physically protects our head and regulates temperature.
REFERENCES
Kim, J. Y., & Dao, H. (2020). Physiology, integument. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554386/
King, D. (2024). Introduction to Skin Histology . Southern Illinois University. https://histology.siu.edu/intro/skin.htm
Mescher A.L. (2018). Junqueira’s Basic Histology: Text and Atlas, 15th Edition. McGraw Hill. Retrieved from https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=3390§ionid=281539239
Tajran, J., & Gosman, A. A. (2019). Anatomy, head and neck, scalp. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551565/
Vallejo, J. R., González, J. A., Gómez-Navarro, M. E., & López-Cepero, J. M. (2022). Histological study of glandular variability in the skin of the natterjack toad—Epidalea calamita (Laurenti, 1768)—Used in Spanish historical ethnoveterinary medicine and ethnomedicine. Veterinary Sciences, 9(8), 423. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9080423
Recently Active Members
