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The reproductive system ensures the survival of the species. Other systems in the body, such as the endocrine and urinary systems, work continuously to maintain homeostasis for the survival of the individual. An individual may live a long, healthy, and happy life without producing offspring, but if the species is to continue, at least some individuals must produce offspring.
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Ovary
Ovaries are the female gonads — the primary female reproductive organs.
Females are born with two ovaries that stem from the uterus. The ovaries are located on either side of the uterus against the pelvic wall in a region called the ovarian fossa. They are held in place by ligaments attached to the uterus.
The ovaries have three functions. First, they shelter and protect the eggs that a female is born with until they are ready to be used. Second, ovaries produce female reproductive hormones called estrogen and progesterone, as well as relaxin and inhibin. Third, the ovaries release one egg, or sometimes more, during each menstrual cycle. This process is called ovulation.
References:
Bradford, A. (2017, April 27). Ovaries: Facts, function & disease. Live Science. Retrieved from https://www.livescience.com/58862-ovary-facts.html
Ovary | Female reproductive system. (n.d.). Histology Guide – virtual microscopy laboratory. Retrieved from https://histologyguide.com/slideview/MHS-259-ovary/18-slide-1.html