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  • Julia Joie Capuyan posted an update in the group Group logo of MT30-Histology Art ABMT30-Histology Art AB 4 years, 6 months ago

    Nervous tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It is responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities. It stimulates muscle contraction, creates an awareness of the environment, and plays a major role in emotions, memory, and reasoning. Please see comments for more information

    • 1. Structure of a neuron
      Description: The neuron consists of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon. Information flows from the dendrites to the cell body, and then on down the axon to its terminal.

      * SOMA
      Structure: contains the nucleus and other structures common to living things
      Function: maintains the neuron’s structure and provides energy to drive activities
      * AXON
      Structure: long, tail-like structure
      Function: It joins the cell body at a specialized junction called the AXON HILLOCK; instituated with a fatty substance called MYELIN which helps axons to conduct an electrical signal.
      * DENDRITES
      Structure: fibrous roots that branch out from the cell body
      Function: receive and process signals from axons of other neurons

        • 2. Five types of neurons
          * Unipolar – usually found in invertebrate
          species
          – has a single axon
          -sensory neurons; supply the branching dendrites for incoming signals and an axon for outgoing signals
          * Multipolar – single axon, but 3 or more
          processes (symmetrical dendrites)
          – most common form of our neuron in our CNS
          -receive impulses from multiple neurons via dendrites
          * Pyramidal – 1 axon and symmetrical dendrites
          (2) that extend from it
          – cell body in a pyramid type shape
          – largest neuron cells mostly found in the cortex
          (in the brain responsible for our conscious
          thoughts)
          -transform synaptic inputs into a patterned output of action potentials
          *Bipolar – mostly found in the retina of the eye
          but can also be found in parts of the nervous
          system that helps in the nose and ears functions
          – transmission of sense; sensory neurons (functions)
          * Purkinje – Inhibitory neurons (release
          neurotransmitters that keeps other neurons
          from firing

            • 3. Two types of neuroglia in PNS
              * Schwann Cells – counterpart of the
              oligodentrocytes
              – help in making myelin sheath
              – important for Phagocytosis
              * Satellite Cells – analogous to the Astrocytes in
              the CNS
              – maintain a stable chemical environment in the
              nucleus

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