[ Bonior, Danielle Mari; Writing Assignment; MT 14 LEC – AA ]

I. Characteristics of Organizational Systems

A laboratory information system, like any other system, strives to achieve a common goal while functioning as a self-contained unit. This, while comprising interconnected and interdependent components. Thus, to maximize the effectiveness of a laboratory information system with its complex array of stations and actors, an organizational hierarchy is essential.

Listed below are some characteristics of an organizational system applied in the laboratory:
1. Hierarchy of Systems. Internal components of an organization evolve and become more specialized because of an increase in size. In the lab, this means that self-contained subsystems may be developed to offer specialized services. Such as the opening of immunohematology, microbiology, or immunology stations
2. Self-Regulation. A feedback network must be set up in place to inform subsystems about what and when certain services are needed. This refers to the accurate timing of specific behaviors.
3. Open Systems. Laboratories interact with their environment when delivering and receiving products and services.

II. The Function and Components of Laboratory Information Systems

Laboratories function as systems that receive inputs like reagents, supplies, and test requests. They use personnel and instruments within the department to perform necessary procedures. These results are then disseminated to patients and other departments.

The components of a laboratory include:
1. Specimen Tracking: Due to the nature of a laboratory, specimens are considered to be “most valuable possession.” Thus, measures must be in place to prevent misidentification, breakage, or loss. Some laboratories may opt to include patient information, sample type, batch number, date, or a unique ID on specimens.
2. Protocol Execution: The aim here is to improve laboratory processes, standards, and procedures to streamline workflow. This includes creating standard operating procedures for sample processing to ensure accurate and shorter delivery times for results.
3. Sample Storage Management: Effective and accurate sample storage is crucial for later use. Some laboratories organize samples based on the date of collection or batch numbers.

In conclusion, these laboratory information system components are set in place to improve the function of the system. In the end, the system only wants to inch further toward its goals of improving patient outcomes; decreasing errors—which may be achieved through automation; reducing turnaround time; and storing, recording, and managing data collected during testing.

III. Laboratory Information as a Management System

A Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) is a software designed to track and manage data in laboratories. Examples of LIMS include BaseSpace Clarity, STARLIMS, and Labguru, among others. Specific software features may vary. Yet, it typically comprises data storage, sample registration, monitoring and processing, and quality control functionalities.