Structure of a neuron
Description: Cell body or Soma – Produces the proteins that the other parts of the neuron, including the dendrites, axons and synapses, need to function properly.
Dendrites – Functions by receiving electrical messages and transfer the received information to the soma of the neuron through the nervous system.
Axon – Axons help with the cable transmission between neuron. They form side branches called azon collaterals so they can send messages to several neurons at once.
Five types of neurons
Description: Unipolar (pseudounipolar) – Unipolar neurons are the most common type of sensory neuron. In addition to pain and. touch, they also carry information about temperature, taste, proprioception (body position) and visceral organ activity.
Multipolar – A multipolar neuron is a type of neuron that possesses a single axon and many dendrites (and dendritic branches), allowing for the integration of a great deal of information from other neurons. These processes are projections from the neuron cell body.
Pyramidal – The pyramidal tracts are part of the UMN system and are a system of efferent nerve fibers that carry signals from the cerebral cortex to either the brainstem or the spinal cord. It divides into two tracts: the corticospinal tract and the corticobulbar tract
Bipolar – A type of neuron that has two extensions (one axon and one dendrite). Many bipolar cells are specialized sensory neurons for the transmission of sense. As such, they are part of the sensory pathways for smell, sight, taste, hearing, touch, balance and proprioception.
Purkinje – Purkinje cells are a unique type of neuron-specific to the cerebellar cortex. They are remarkable (and instantly recognizable) for their massive, intricately branched, flat dendritic trees, giving them the ability to integrate large amounts of information and learn by remodeling their dendrites.
Two types of neuroglia in PNS
Description: Satellite Cells – Satellite glial cells are a type of glia found in the peripheral nervous system, specifically in sensory, sympathetic, and parasympathetic ganglia. They compose the thin cellular sheaths that surround the individual neurons in these ganglia.
Schwann Cells – Schwann cell, also called neurilemma cell, any of the cells in the peripheral nervous system that produce the myelin sheath around neuronal axons. Schwann cells are named after German physiologist Theodor Schwann, who discovered them in the 19th century.
Structure of a neuron
Description: Cell body or Soma – Produces the proteins that the other parts of the neuron, including the dendrites, axons and synapses, need to function properly.
Dendrites – Functions by receiving electrical messages and transfer the received information to the soma of the neuron through the nervous system.
Axon – Axons help with the cable transmission between neuron. They form side branches called azon collaterals so they can send messages to several neurons at once.
Five types of neurons
Description: Unipolar (pseudounipolar) – Unipolar neurons are the most common type of sensory neuron. In addition to pain and. touch, they also carry information about temperature, taste, proprioception (body position) and visceral organ activity.
Multipolar – A multipolar neuron is a type of neuron that possesses a single axon and many dendrites (and dendritic branches), allowing for the integration of a great deal of information from other neurons. These processes are projections from the neuron cell body.
Pyramidal – The pyramidal tracts are part of the UMN system and are a system of efferent nerve fibers that carry signals from the cerebral cortex to either the brainstem or the spinal cord. It divides into two tracts: the corticospinal tract and the corticobulbar tract
Bipolar – A type of neuron that has two extensions (one axon and one dendrite). Many bipolar cells are specialized sensory neurons for the transmission of sense. As such, they are part of the sensory pathways for smell, sight, taste, hearing, touch, balance and proprioception.
Purkinje – Purkinje cells are a unique type of neuron-specific to the cerebellar cortex. They are remarkable (and instantly recognizable) for their massive, intricately branched, flat dendritic trees, giving them the ability to integrate large amounts of information and learn by remodeling their dendrites.
Two types of neuroglia in PNS
Description: Satellite Cells – Satellite glial cells are a type of glia found in the peripheral nervous system, specifically in sensory, sympathetic, and parasympathetic ganglia. They compose the thin cellular sheaths that surround the individual neurons in these ganglia.
Schwann Cells – Schwann cell, also called neurilemma cell, any of the cells in the peripheral nervous system that produce the myelin sheath around neuronal axons. Schwann cells are named after German physiologist Theodor Schwann, who discovered them in the 19th century.