Caryl Jole Paligsa

  • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

    Stratum Granulosum

    Location: above the stratum spinosum and below the stratum corneum (stratum lucidum on the soles and palms)
    Function: Act as a transitional layer where keratinocyte skin cells develop into their final form and die

    • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

      Stratum Lucidum

      Location: It is found on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet.
      Function: Capability of the skin to stretch, degeneration of skin cells, effects of friction in skin

      • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

        Structure of five layers of the skin

        Stratum Corneum

        Location: The stratum corneum is the epidermis’ outermost layer (skin).
        Function: Prevents unwanted materials from entering and loss of water from exiting the body.

        • Integumentary System

          See comment section for further information

          • Structure of five layers of the skin

            Stratum Corneum

            Location: The stratum corneum is the epidermis’ outermost layer (skin).
            Function: Prevents unwanted materials from entering and loss of water from exiting the body.

            • Stratum Lucidum

              Location: It is found on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet.
              Function: Capability of the skin to stretch, degeneration of skin cells, effects of friction in skin

              • Stratum Granulosum

                Location: above the stratum spinosum and below the stratum corneum (stratum lucidum on the soles and palms)
                Function: Act as a transitional layer where keratinocyte skin cells develop into their final form and die

                • Stratum Spinosum

                  Location: The stratum spinosum (also known as the spinous layer or prickly cell layer) is an epidermal layer that lies between the stratum granulosum and the stratum basale.
                  Function: Responsible for skin’s strength and flexibility

                  • Stratum Basale

                    Location: The basement membrane (basal lamina) separates the dermis from the lowest layer, which is linked to the basement membrane by hemidesmosomes.
                    Function: Proliferation and attachment of the epidermis to the dermis

                    • Structure of the nail

                      Nail Body
                      Location: Nails
                      Function: The sensitive tips of fingers and toes are protected by nails.

                      • Free Edge
                        Location: Nails
                        Function: this ensures that all the nail bed is covered and therefore protected.

                        • Nail root
                          Location: The root portion of this nail lies below the skin, underneath the nail, and extends several millimeters into the finger.
                          Function: The root of the nail is also known as the germinal matrix. Its edge appears as a white crescent, known as the lunula
                          • Nail Folds
                            Location: The nail fold, the most proximal aspect of the perionychium, is composed of a dorsal roof and a ventral floor. It is found approximately 15 mm…

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                            • Eponychium
                              Location: In human anatomy, the eponychium is the thickened layer of skin at the base of the fingernails and toenails. It can also be called the medial or…

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                              • Nail bed
                                Location: The nail bed is the skin underneath the nail plate. It contains blood vessels that supply nutrients to the fingertip.
                                Function: The nail bed is a…

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                                • Nail matrix
                                  Location: The nail matrix is the area where your fingernails and toenails start to grow. The matrix creates new skin cells, which pushes out the old, dead…

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                                  • Lunula
                                    Location: The half-moon shape at the base of your fingernail is known as a lunula. Lunulae cover the bottom of your nail, just above your cuticle. Lunulae are…

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                                  • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

                                    Left Ventricle
                                    Location: The left ventricle is one of four chambers of the heart. It is located in the bottom left portion of the heart below the left atrium, separated…

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                                    • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

                                      Left Atrium
                                      Location: Viewed from the frontal aspect of the chest, the left atrium is the most posteriorly situated of the cardiac chambers.
                                      Function: The left atrium receives blood full of oxygen from the lungs and then empties the blood into the left ventricle.

                                      • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

                                        Right Ventricle
                                        Location: The right ventricle is the most anteriorly positioned chamber of the heart, sitting directly posterior to the sternum.
                                        Function: The right…

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                                        • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

                                          Four chambers of the heart

                                          Right Atrium
                                          Location: The outer walls of the right atrium contribute to the convexity of the right pulmonary surface, the upper right part…

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                                          • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

                                            Endocardium

                                            Location: The endocardium is the innermost layer of the heart
                                            Function: lines the cavities and valves.

                                            • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

                                              Myocardium

                                              Location: Middle layer of the heart.
                                              Function: Initiates contraction driving the cardiac cycle

                                              • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

                                                Structure of three layers of the heart

                                                Epicardium

                                                Location: Outer layer. In the zebrafish heart, the epicardium is a serous, nonmuscular membrane that surrounds the heart and is found close to the compact myocardium.
                                                Function: Prevent excess expansion or movement of the heart

                                                • Circulatory System

                                                  See comment section for further information

                                                  • Structure of three layers of the heart

                                                    Epicardium

                                                    Location: Outer layer. In the zebrafish heart, the epicardium is a serous, nonmuscular membrane that surrounds the heart and is found close to the compact myocardium.
                                                    Function: Prevent excess expansion or movement of the heart

                                                    • Myocardium

                                                      Location: Middle layer of the heart.
                                                      Function: Initiates contraction driving the cardiac cycle

                                                      • Endocardium

                                                        Location: The endocardium is the innermost layer of the heart
                                                        Function: lines the cavities and valves.

                                                        • Four chambers of the heart

                                                          Right Atrium
                                                          Location: The outer walls of the right atrium contribute to the convexity of the right pulmonary surface, the upper right part…

                                                            [Read more]

                                                          • Right Ventricle
                                                            Location: The right ventricle is the most anteriorly positioned chamber of the heart, sitting directly posterior to the sternum.
                                                            Function: The right…

                                                              [Read more]

                                                            • Left Atrium
                                                              Location: Viewed from the frontal aspect of the chest, the left atrium is the most posteriorly situated of the cardiac chambers.
                                                              Function: The left atrium receives blood full of oxygen from the lungs and then empties the blood into the left ventricle.

                                                              • Left Ventricle
                                                                Location: The left ventricle is one of four chambers of the heart. It is located in the bottom left portion of the heart below the left atrium, separated…

                                                                  [Read more]

                                                              • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

                                                                Schwann Cells – Schwann cell, also called neurilemma cell, any of the cells in the peripheral nervous system that produce the myelin sheath around neuronal axons. Schwann cells are named after German physiologist Theodor Schwann, who discovered them in the 19th century.

                                                                • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

                                                                  Two types of neuroglia in PNS
                                                                  Description: Satellite Cells – Satellite glial cells are a type of glia found in the peripheral nervous system, specifically in sensory, sympathetic, and parasympathetic ganglia. They compose the thin cellular sheaths that surround the individual neurons in these ganglia.
                                                                  • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

                                                                    Purkinje – Purkinje cells are a unique type of neuron-specific to the cerebellar cortex. They are remarkable (and instantly recognizable) for their massive, intricately branched, flat dendritic trees, giving them the ability to integrate large amounts of information and learn by remodeling their dendrites.

                                                                    • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

                                                                      Bipolar – A type of neuron that has two extensions (one axon and one dendrite). Many bipolar cells are specialized sensory neurons for the transmission of sense. As such, they are part of the sensory pathways for smell, sight, taste, hearing, touch, balance and proprioception.
                                                                      • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

                                                                        Pyramidal – The pyramidal tracts are part of the UMN system and are a system of efferent nerve fibers that carry signals from the cerebral cortex to either the brainstem or the spinal cord. It divides into two tracts: the corticospinal tract and the corticobulbar tract
                                                                        • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

                                                                          Multipolar – A multipolar neuron is a type of neuron that possesses a single axon and many dendrites (and dendritic branches), allowing for the integration of a great deal of information from other neurons. These processes are projections from the neuron cell body.
                                                                          • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

                                                                            Five types of neurons
                                                                            Description: Unipolar (pseudounipolar) – Unipolar neurons are the most common type of sensory neuron. In addition to pain and. touch, they also carry information about temperature, taste, proprioception (body position) and visceral organ activity.
                                                                            • Caryl Jole Paligsa posted a new activity comment 3 years, 12 months ago

                                                                              Structure of a neuron
                                                                              Description: Cell body or Soma – Produces the proteins that the other parts of the neuron, including the dendrites, axons and synapses, need to f…

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